If you work for the NHS or for Local Government and you are a contractor then you will have been notified that there will be changes coming in as of April 2017.  We are increasingly being asked the same question by many clients who are confused and have not been advised correctly by their recruitment agnecy or end client. So we have compiled an easy bullet point guide below:

For a vast majority of contractors this means the recruitment agency or NHS / Council paying you has to decide how to pay you after April 2017. They may opt for the safest course of action / most profitable for them which may not be financially beneficial for you. And increasingly we are seeing a knee jerk reaction by most NHS and Council Management staff and recruitment Agencies is to incorrectly lable everyone the same even when HMRC does not say this in their rules.
The vast majority of NHS and Council Management staff and recruitment Agencies are wrongly saying everyone is inside the scope for IR35 just because they cannot be bothered to work out who is and who isn't and they do not care if a person pays more tax than is really due.

So have at look below at the correct options as per HMRC, that all contractors have in all ongoing negotiations:

1. Work for non NHS and local government / council companies who are outside the scope of this legislation.
2. Prove you are not applicable, and then still be paid in full to your Limited Company, same as before. You have the right to present an  independent report from an IR35 assessment company to establish you are indeed outside the scope of legislation. The report can cost around £175 depending on the company used and once you are proven to be outside the scope all parties paying you should pay in full with no deductions. Suffice to say this small fee may save a lot of money in tax and paperwork later.
3. Have tax and NI deducted at source and claim back the over paid tax at the end of the tax year. This is actually very similar to other industries where HMRC refund on an annual basis the over deducted tax after a tax return is submitted to them annually. You must make sure all such income payments are paid to your personal bank account and not to your company bank account. Otherwise you will be taxed twice.
4. Any work you do for a non NHS and local government / council company should still be paid in full to your company bank account.
5. Avoid an umbrella company at all costs as this is going to cost you the most, even more than being directly employed.  Because an umbrella company charges the contractor for employers NI contributions (approx 13%) and extra admin charges on top of normal tax and NI deducted. You can claim back over paid tax on the tax return but will not be able to claim the extra charges and Employers NI. A lot of agencies will push worker here because they will make extra money from the charges passed on. Know your rights as they cannot force you to only have an umbrella company.
6. If you do opt for employment only contract then only tie yourself in for a very short time eg 3 months maximum. As the situation is bound to change soon and the structure of contractor work will have changed and settled by then allowing you to move back to using your limited company if this is still the most tax efficient choice.
7. Do not close your limited company as it can go into a dormant or inactive status and be reused at any time and has an unlimited lifetime. The company can also do other type of work and can be used for working for non NHS and Local Council work.
8. A limited company can still carry on incurring costs without income indefinitely and this will lead to the eventual corporation tax falling and falling as expenses rise and rise in the company. With the actual earned income possibly being completely wiped out by expenses eventually. This effectively allows the director / shareholder to take more of the income earned in the limited company with little to no corporation tax.

Lastly give it time, as one door closes inevitably another opens, and once the changes start to actually be implemented recruitment agencies and the NHS Trust's will most likely find a way around the rules and may well re-employ people in a different way when they see the sea of dissatisfaction from the majority of the contractors that is bound to come.

By Anni Khan at Tax Affinity Accountants

Tax Affinity Accountants are experts in Tax and Accountancy. Based in Worcester Park and Kingston upon Thames they are considered in the Industry to be expert accountants and tax advisors for small businesses. Helping and supporting business throughout the UK, they regularly help clients grow their business providing tailored advice.

For more information visit www.taxaffinity.com. To read more interesting articles like this visit www.taxaffinity.com/blog. Please feel free to comment and share this with your friends.

Deadline: 31/10/16 for Paper Tax Returns

For everyone already registered with HMRC for the tax year 6/4/15 to 5/4/16 they are required to submit their paper tax return by the 31st October 2016. And then to pay all tax and National Insurance payments for that period by the 31/1/17.

So if you have to declare a tax return for 2015/16 year then we urgently recommend you contact a reputable and experienced tax accountant like Tax Affinity Accountants (one of the most highly recommend companies in the accounting industry) as soon as possible.

It is of course possible to submit a tax return yourself and HMRC will direct you to do this, but what they purposefully fail to clarify is what various expenses and industry specific allowances are allowed to be claimed as legitimate deductions to help decrease your tax bill.

And a good accountant, as any successful business person will tell you, is usually worth his/her weight in gold when it comes to getting your numbers right and paying the correct and least amount of tax.

At Tax Affinity Accountants our motto is that 'an accountant should legally save you far more in tax than they should ever be charging for their service' ensuring every client gets the very best service at a fair and reasonable cost. So our service more than pays for itself for all our clients.

So if you have to do a 2015/16 tax return (or any other year) and would like us to help you. Or are already one of our very satisfied customers then please get in touch with us as soon as possible and avoid the late rush and have the most time put into your accounts.

Simply put Capital Gains Tax is a tax by HMRC on the profit you make when you 'dispose' of something of physical presence and value (an asset) eg a rental property, stocks and shares or a piece of art.

Eg you sell a piece of buy-to-let property for £300,000. Which you bought it for £200,000. Equals a capital gain of £100,000.

A lot of people think it is only applicable in the case of a sale but according to HMRC it is applicable in other actions such as giving it away as a gift, transferring it to someone else, swapping for something else and getting compensation eg Insurance payment if it is damaged or stolen.

Certain types of assets are eligible for capital gains tax while others are not. Your primary residence ie your home is not eligible for capital gains while a second property is.

Some of the things on which you may need to pay Capital Gains Tax on are as follows:

• most types of personal possessions that are worth more than £6,000 (not including your car)
• any land or property that is not your primary residence ie main home
• your primary residence could apply in portion or as a whole if you have rented it out, or used it for business purposes
• Stocks and Shares that are not in an ISA, NISA or a PEP
• Business related assets that you sell

But please note that depending on actual type of asset, you may be able to reduce any capital gains tax due by claiming a relief's that are available. There are many different types of reliefs and it usually best to visit a reputable accountant like Tax Affinity Accountants to make sure you take advantage of all the reliefs available to you.

To help you HMRC has given everyone a tax free allowance after which capital gains tax will apply. Currently this is £11,100 for a Person and £5550 for a Trust for the 2015-16 Tax Year.

Eg If your personal gain is £12,000 then deducting your personal allowance of £11,100 from the gain leaves you £900 on which capital gains tax can be charged.

If you have any overseas assets then you may still have to pay Capital Gains Tax. There are however special rules if you are a British citizen or UK resident and are not domiciled in the UK whereby you can claim the ‘remittance basis’.

If you living abroad then unfortunately you still have to pay tax on any gain you make on a residential property that is in the UK. This is even if you are declared as non-resident to HMRC. But the good news is that you do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on any other UK assets, eg stocks and shares in UK companies, piece of art and business assets etc unless you return within 5 tax years of the gain.

As capital gains tax rates can be either 18% or 28% of the gain depending on your personal income, it is a really good advice to speak to a qualified accountant as a good accountant should save you much more money than he/she would ever charge. At Tax Affinity Accountants we are one of the most recommended experts in Capital Gains Tax, due to our detailed knowledge of tax reliefs available and of the HMRC tax system.

By Anni Khan at Tax Affinity Accountants.

Tax Affinity Accountants are experts in Tax and Accountancy. Based in Kingston upon Thames they provide a bespoke service to client’s right across the UK and are considered in the industry to be experts in capital gains tax advice.

For more information visit www.taxaffinity.com. To read more interesting articles like this visit www.taxaffinity.com/blog. Please feel free to comment and share this with your friends.

CIS: Sub-contractor Tax in the construction industry

The Construction Industry Scheme, CIS, details payments for sub-contractors from contractors. As the name suggests, it is only applicable in the construction industry. When a contractors needs work from a different skills set (like an electrician, plasterer or plumber), the person(s) they ask to complete the work will be a sub-contractor.

The rules as to what qualifies as construction are complex and it worth seeking professional advice to ensure you are not over paying tax. If you are a sub-contractor in construction, you need register under CIS and be registered as self-employed.

As the contractor gets a sum of money for the work as an entirety, it is the contractor who is responsible for paying the sub-contractor. As it is a service based position, income tax and NI contribution are taken off the wage of the sub-contractor by the contractor and paid to HMRC at a rate of 20% of the total pay.

The tax year for any sub-contractor or self-employed persons is 6th April until 5th April the following year. During this time, all gross pay and deductions will be added together to work out a total pay. Then the profit for the sub-contractor will be worked out after deducting cost of materials and then any other business expenses such as training, travel or phone bills from the income.

If, at the end of the year, the contractor is below the personal allowance threshold (£9,440 for the year ending 2014, going up to £10,000 for the year ending 2015) they will not have to pay any tax. Therefore any tax paid by contractors to HMRC out of the sub-contractors pay will be refundable. See below example for Mr J Bloggs, a plasterer:

• Total Gross Income for Mr J Bloggs for year ending 5th April 2014: £12,000
• Total CIS deductions (tax and NI)  for the same period: £2,400
• Cost for materials and business expenses for the year: £5,900
• Profit for the year for Mr J Bloggs: £12,000-£5,900 = £6100

As we can see, the profit for the year is below the personal allowance for the year ending 2014 (£9,440). Therefore, Mr J Bloggs should not have paid any CIS deductions so he is able to reclaim the £2,400 from HMRC at the end of the year. See below example for Mrs J Smith, an electrician, when the profit for the year is above the personal allowance:

• Total Gross Income for Mrs J Smith for year ending 5th April 2014: £22,000
• Total CIS deductions paid for the same period: £4,400
• Cost for materials and business expenses for the year: £7,200
• Profit for the year for Mrs J Smith, £22,000-£7,200 = £14,800

In the above example, the profit for the year is above the personal allowance by £5,360. Therefore tax paid should equal 20% of £5,360, which is £1,072. However, we have paid £4,400 from CIS Tax deductions. This means that Mrs J Smith is eligible for a Tax refund of £3,328.

The same tax rules apply for sub-contractors and self-employed persons as those in employment meaning when you hit the upper threshold (£41,450 in the year ended 2014 rising to £41,865 for the year ending 2015) you will have to pay 40% tax on that amount. The summary is below, using the 2015 figures:

• No tax is paid on your first £10,000 earnings in the year
• 20% tax is paid on the next £31,865 of earnings (between £10,000 and £41,865)
• 40% tax is paid on any income exceeding £41,865

To try to make the above simpler, we will look at how much tax should be paid by Mrs O McKenzie who had an income (profit) for the year of £55,000:

• No tax is paid on her first £10,000 of income
• ·20% tax is paid on her next £31,865 of earnings meaning £6,373 tax payable
• 40% tax paid on her remaining £13,135 of earnings over the upper threshold meaning £5,254 tax payable
• Total amount of Income Tax payable is £11,627.

If all of her income came from sub-contracting, the amount of CIS Tax already paid would be 20% of £55,000 which is £11,000. She is due to pay £11,627 so she would have to pay HMRC an extra £627 to avoid a potential fine in the future for Tax Evasion. This profit figure is very high so most sub-contractors who register under the CIS as self-employed will get a tax refund. It is advisable that if you qualify for this scheme, you do so as it will more often than not result in you getting money back from HMRC at the end of the tax year.

There are also National Insurance (NI) contributions that need to be paid. These are more complicated as the amount you pay will vary with the amount of profit you have at the end of the year. There are different classes and different personal allowances depending upon what type status of employment you have and what your level of income is. It is worth seeking a professionals help at this point to ensure you do not make a mistake and pay the wrong amount.

If you are still confused, or think that you should get a refund, and want to know what the next step is, get in contact with us here at Tax Affinity. Use any of the contact details on the website and we will gladly assist you on the next stage.

Saving Inheritance tax

Inheritance tax can be a tricky issue to deal with for most people but it is generally considered a “voluntary tax” as good tax planning can greatly reduce your inheritance tax liability or erase it completely. Assets exceeding the current inheritance tax threshold of £325,000 (for tax year 13/14) are taxed at 40%. That’s basically half of your excess assets going straight to the government and not to your loved ones. This is why inheritance tax can be extremely costly for those who have not done sufficient planning. Fortunately, there are many exemptions and allowances to utilise which would significantly reduce the amount of inheritance tax you have to pay. Here are a few things to consider that can help you save some inheritance tax:-

Make a Will

Making a will allows you to know that your estate is divided exactly as you want it to be when you die. In the absence of a will, people that you wish to benefit from your estate such as an unmarried partner may not be entitled to any share in the event of intestacy.

What is a gift?

A gift is something of value given unconditionally to someone without any reservations. The biggest asset that most people are in possession of is their house. However, giving away your house yet trying to live in it may allow HMRC to invalidate the gift as genuine and apply tax on it.

Give away sooner

Majority of gifts you make are classified as “potentially exempt transfers”.  If you survive more than seven years after making the gift, no inheritance tax is due on that gift. The amount of tax can be reduced depending on how long you lived after making the gift due to taper relief. Gifts made less than three years before death have no reduction in tax. If the gift was made three to four years before death then tax is reduced by 20%. This increases by 20% for every extra year the donor lives up to seven years where the whole amount is exempt. Therefore it can help relief some financial burden on your death estate if you make gifts sooner rather than later.

Allowances to take advantage of

You can give away gifts worth up to £3,000 in total per person every tax year and these gifts will be exempt from inheritance tax when you pass away. Any unused part of this annual allowance can be carried forward to the following year, but if you don’t use it in that year, the carried-over exemption expires. You can also give up to £5,000 to your children when they marry as a wedding gift. Grandparents can give up to £2,500 and others up to £1,000.

Regular Gifting

Regular gifting can dramatically reduce your inheritance tax bill as long as they meet the following criteria: they must be from your income, they must be regular and they must not decrease the standard of living of the donor.

Be generous on birthdays

Gifts under £250 to any recipient per tax year are exempt from inheritance tax. This means that it might be worth giving your boy a big birthday present even if he’s been naughty as it helps reduce the tax bill.

Gifts to charities and political parties are tax-free

It’s good to know that any donations you make to charities or political parties are inheritance tax free at least.

Getting Tax Advice

While it is generally more economical for you to do things by yourself, if you have sizeable assets then seeking professional tax advice is well worth your money. You may end up paying a few hundred pounds to potentially save over hundreds of thousands of pounds. I’m no bargain hunter but that sounds like a good deal to me.

By Wilson Law at Tax Affinity Accountants

Tax Affinity Accountants are experts in Tax and Accountancy. Based in Kingston upon Thames they are considered in the Finance Industry to be the experts in all types of Tax including Inhertance Tax. Helping and supporting business and individual throughout the UK, they regularly help people with their Inhertance tax issues.

For more information visit www.taxaffinity.com. To read more interesting articles like this visit www.taxaffinity.com/blog. Please feel free to comment and share this with your friends.

BUDGET 2014 HIGHLIGHTS

PERSONAL ALLOWANCE
The personal allowance is the amount of income you can receive each year without having to pay tax on it. This amount is to increase to £10,000 for 2014/15  and to £10,500 for 2015/16. The basic rate taxpayer will see a saving of about £112 in 2014-15 and a further £100 in 2015-16 on their annual income tax bill.

HIGHER RATE TAX PAYERS
The threshold for which individuals pay tax at the higher rate of 40% will increase by 1% for both tax years.

ANNUAL INVESTMENT ALLOWANCE
For businesses, the annual investment allowance will increase from £250,000 to £500,000 until 31 December 2015.

HIGHER ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION LIMIT FOR INDIVIDUAL SAVINGS ACCOUNTS FROM 1 JULY 2014
The chancellor has announced big changes to the Individual Savings Accounts (ISA). The new policy means that, from July onwards, it will be possible to save up to £15,000 in total. Furthermore, the whole sum could be in cash unlike before where only half of the limit could be saved in cash and the rest in shares. Also, the 10p tax rate for savers will be abolished.

CLASS 2 NIC
From April 2016, Class 2 National Insurance Contributions (NIC) will be collected through self-assessment.

CHILD-CARE HELP
Parents paying 80% of childcare costs of up to £10,000 per child, aged up to 12, to a registered provider will get the remaining 20% tax-free from September 2015.

NEW TRANSFERABLE TAX ALLOWANCE
From April 2015, there will be an introduction to a new transferable tax allowance for married couples and civil partners.

PENSION CHANGES
All tax restrictions on pensioners' access to their pension pots to be removed, ending the requirement to buy an annuity. The taxable part of pension pot taken as cash on retirement to be charged at normal income tax rate, down from 55%. There is an increase in total pension savings people can take as a lump sum to £30,000

By Wilson Law at Tax Affinity Accountants

Tax Affinity Accountants are experts in Tax and Accountancy. Based in Kingston upon Thames they are considered to be small business experts helping and supporting business in the UK. They regularly help new business start up and provide valuable support for new businesses.

For more information visit www.taxaffinity.com. To read more interesting articles like this visit www.taxaffinity.com/blog. Please feel free to comment and share this with your friends.

Properties have always been a relatively safe and sound option for investment. As a landlord, renting out your property can offer an alternative source of income in the form of rent and potentially give a good return on the initial investment through capital appreciation. However, if you’re looking for huge returns over a few days then property investment is unlikely to be your preferred choice. Nonetheless properties have historically been a low risk investment and have provided modest returns over the long term. Here are a few things to consider if you wish to maximise your rental income:

Deducting Allowable Expenses

You can reduce the amount of rental income that is taxable by taking advantage deducting allowable expenses. There more common expenses you can deduct are:

• Utility Bills and Council Tax
• Maintenance and repairs to the property (excluding additions and improvements)
• Interest on the mortgage to buy the property
• Cost of labour/services (Wages for cleaners, gardeners etc.)
• Letting Agent’s Fees
• Accountancy Fees
• Service Charges
• Direct Costs (Advertisement cost, fuel costs incurred in the journey to the property, phone calls etc.)
• Contents Insurance

The costs should be wholly and exclusively incurred as a result of renting out the property. If a part of the expense meets this condition then that part can be deducted from income.

Cost comparisons

Saving costs can only have a positive effect as expenses are the only thing eating into your rental income. Try reviewing your costs on an occasional basis (once a quarter) and you may witness bargains that could help you save a lot of money. Service providers tend to offer sizeable discounts to new customers but only have stagnant prices for existing customers. Getting quotes from different companies that offer the same service can sometimes amaze you at how wide the price range can be. Just be sure you don’t jeopardise the quality of services just to save a few pennies.

Annual Investment Allowance

Expenses of a capital nature are not deductible. You cannot deduct from income the cost of the property you are renting out, expenditure that adds to or improves the property or the cost of renovating a property from a state that cannot be rented out.

However, capital spending can be deducted using the Annual Investment Allowance. From 1st January 2013 (until 1st January 2015), you can deduct up to £250,000 a year for many types of capital spending using the Annual Investment Allowance, such as commercial vehicles, business furniture, computers, machinery and tools. It would be beneficial to take advantage of the temporary rise in the Annual Investment Allowance as it is likely to revert back to around the limit of 2012/13 (£25,000) after January 2015.

Landlord’s Energy Savings Allowance (LESA)

Until April 2015, an allowance of up to £1,500 per let residential property can be claimed for the cost of loft, wall and floor insulation, draft proofing and hot water system insulation. The LESA was introduced to encourage landlords to improve the energy efficiency of let residential properties. These expenditures are usually not deductible from taxable income and are not eligible for capital allowances.

Wear and Tear Allowance or Renewals Allowance

For fully furnished properties, a wear and tear allowance can be claimed for furnishings such as beds, carpets and appliances. The allowance is 10% of the net rental income (gross rent minus utility bills, service charges and council tax) you receive from these properties.

With the renewals allowance, you can claim expenses of any furniture as you replace them. Any money you make from the disposal of the asset must be deducted and the cost of any improvements (e.g. an upgrade from a washing machine to a washer-dryer)

Note that you can only claim either the Wear and Tear Allowance or the Renewals Allowance but not both.

By Wilson Law at Tax Affinity.

Tax Affinity Accountants are considered in the market to be experts in Tax and Accountancy in the UK. Based in Kingston upon Thames they have clients right across the UK as well as Europe, Middle East and North America.

For more information visit www.taxaffinity.com. To read more interesting articles like this visit www.taxaffinity.com/blog. Please feel free to comment and share this with your friends.

Tips to avoid paying too much tax if you’re self employed

According to Which.co.uk, we paid an estimate of £12.6 billion in unnecessary tax in 2012. People who are self-employed or have their own businesses are particularly prone to overpaying tax. But by doing a bit of research and accessing your tax options, you can maximise your income and safeguard your finances for the future.

Spreading income tax payments among the family

Every individual that is able to work has a personal allowance of £9,440 for the financial year 2013/14. If you are earning over the 20% rate band for income tax, it may be wise to employ a family member to share a part of your workload. Income up to £9,440 would be free of income tax for him or her, and an allowable expense for you. This is especially ideal for any children you have over 16 that can work over the holidays as their wages are also tax deductible. Furthermore, no national insurance is payable if they earn less than £149 per week. Additionally, members earning between £109-148 are entitled to certain state benefits such as building towards the state pension.

Using the personal allowance to its maximum

Rather than one individual holding the bulk of the income and facing a higher rate of income tax, it is of best interest to arrange the finances in a way that lessens the tax burden. This can be achieved by building up a state pension for your partner and/or make pension payments to build up a retirement pot. These contributions are tax relievable at the marginal rate of the payer. On a further note, £3,600 can be contributed per year irrespective of earnings so consider pensioning for any of your children helping out at the business.

Taking advantage of tax free opportunities

Use up you and your partner’s cash ISA limit of £5,760. Gift any surplus funds to your partner if he/she is a lower tax payer than you. Be careful of the liquidity position of the business, it may be troubling to recall back the funds.

The £100,000 ceiling

Try not to exceed earnings of £100,000. For every £2 of income over £100,000, your personal allowance falls by £1. This means that at an income of £118,880 you will have lost all your personal allowance of £9,440. The £9,440 is then taxed at a rate of 20%, and the £18,800 over £100,000 is taxed at a rate of 40%, meaning that your marginal rate of tax on this slice of income is a whopping 60%. You can consider increasing your pension contribution to preserve your personal allowance. Note that the maximum annual allowance is £50,000 but you can use any unused annual allowances dating back three tax years to increase your contribution.

Maximising your tax allowances

Each person has an annual capital gains tax allowance that can be reached before the gain is taxed. This figure amounts to £10,900 for the financial tax year 2013/2014. With sound financial planning, you can get up to £20,340 tax free each year (£9,440 for personal allowance and £10,900 for Capital Gains Tax).

Be well organised and keep good records

The deadline for the online tax return is 31st January (31st October for the paper tax return). Failure to commit to the deadline may result in penalties. Keeping your records in an organised manner can make your life a lot easier especially if HMRC decides to investigate. 


Plan ahead

Good forward financial planning can maximise successful tax strategies. That’s why at Tax Affinity Accountants we make sure to sit with all our clients and run through the options for good financial planning.

By Wilson Law

Tax Affinity Accountants are considered in the market to be experts in Tax and Accountancy in the UK. Based in Kingston upon Thames they have clients right across the UK as well as Europe, Middle East and North America.

For more information visit www.taxaffinity.com. To read more interesting articles like this visit www.taxaffinity.com/blog. Please feel free to comment and share this with your friends.